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Bilateral Relations
I. Bilateral Political Relations
In November 1971, China and Guyana signed an Agreement on the Mutual Establishment of Commercial Offices. China set up its Commercial Office in Guyana in March 1972.
Diplomatic relations were established on June 27, 1972 between the People's Republic of China and the Cooperative Republic of Guyana. China opened its embassy in Guyana on the same day. In October 1973 Guyana set up its embassy in China.
Guyana is the first to establish diplomatic relations with China among the English-speaking Caribbean countries. Since then, the two states have enjoyed smooth, long-term and friendly relations with a frequent exchange of high-level visits and close cooperation in the international arena.
In March 1975, Guyanese Prime Minister Burnham visited China. This was the first visit ever made by a Guyanese Prime Minister. Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai met with Burnham and held a cordial and friendly talk with him. During the visit, the two sides signed an Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on Economic and Technological Cooperation.
On April 18-29, 1977, President Arthur Chung visited China. Chinese President Hua Guofeng met with his Guyanese counterpart. Vice- Premier Li Xiannian met with him and held a grand banquet in honor of him and his entourage.
On July 20-24, 1978, Chinese Vice-Premier Geng Biao visited Guyana. Guyanese Prime Minister Burnham and Deputy Prime Minister Reld held talks with him respectively.
On February 20-26, 1981, Vice-Chairman of the Standing Committee of the NPC (National People's Congress) Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme visited Guyana at the head of a NPC delegation. Guyanese President Burnham, First Vice-President and Prime Minister Reld, and Speaker of the National Assembly Sase Naraine met with the delegation respectively.
On June 11-15, 1984, President Burnham paid a visit to China. Chinese President Li Xiannian held talks with him. General Secretary Hu Yaobang, Chairman Deng Xiaoping and Acting Premier Wan Li met with the Guyanese President respectively. During the visit, the two sides signed five documents on economic cooperation, cultural exchange, the establishment of a joint commission on economic, trade, scientific and technological cooperation, transformation of the textile mill built with Chinese assistance, and the provision of cotton under loans by China.
On October 13, 1984, Chinese Vice-Foreign Minister Han Xu paid a working visit to Guyana. Guyanese Foreign Minister Jackson and Director of the Bureau of International Economic Cooperation of the Presidential Office Moley held talks with him on political and economic issues.
From June 30 to July 8, 1989, Speaker of the Guyanese National Assembly Sase Naraine visited China. Chinese President Yang Shangkun and Chairman Wan Li of NPC Standing Committee met with him respectively.
On February 18-21, 1990, Chinese Vice-Foreign Minister Liu Huaqiu paid a working visit to Guyana. Liu met successively with President Hoyte, Vice-President Burnham, Vice-President and Prime Minister Green. Guyanese Foreign Minister Jackson, Agriculture Minister and Director of the Bureau of International Economic Cooperation held talks with him respectively. The two sides signed an exchange of notes on providing grant to Guyana by China.
On April 10-15, 1990, Guyanese Foreign Minister Esmond Rashleigh Jackson visited China. Chinese President Yang Shangkun and Premier Li Peng met with him. Foreign Minister Qian Qichen held talks with his Guyanese counterpart and signed with him a protocol on the consultation mechanism between foreign ministry officials of the two countries. Zheng Tuobing, Chinese Minister of the MOFTEC and Jackson signed on behalf of their respective governments an agreement on economic and technical cooperation between the two governments.
From June 30 to July 5, 1993, Vice Chairman of NPC Standing Committee Chen Muhua headed a NPC delegation to Guyana for an official visit. Guyanese President Cheddi Jagon, Prime Minister Samuel Hinds and Speaker of the National Assembly Derek Jagon met the delegation respectively.
On December 12-18, 1993, Guyanese President Cheddi Jagon visited China. Chinese President Jiang Zemin held talks with his counterpart. Premier Li Peng met the visiting President and his entourage.
From February 29 to March 3, 1996, Sun Zhenyu, Vice-Minister of the MOFTEC attended the China/Caribbean Economic and Trade Symposium in Georgetown at the head of a Chinese governmental economic and trade delegation. Sun paid respective courtesy calls on President Cheddi Jagon, Prime Minister Samuel Hinds, Finance Minister Jagdeo and Minister of Foreign Affairs Clement Rohee.
From April 28 to May 3, 1996, Guyanese Foreign Minister Clement Rohee visited China at the head of a governmental trade and economic delegation. Rohee attended the sixth session of the China/Guyana Joint Commission on Economic and Trade Cooperation. Chinese Vice-Premier and Foreign Minister Qian Qichen met with Rohee and his entourage.
On July 21-31, 1996, Guyanese Prime Minister Samuel Hinds visited China at the head of a delegation of the Guyana/China Friendship Association. Chinese Premier Li Peng met with Hinds. Vice-Foreign Minister Tang Jiaxuan and Deputy Head of the International Liaison Department of the CPC Central Committee Li Beihai respectively held dinners in honor of the visiting Prime Minister.
On July 20-21, 1998, Chinese Vice-Premier Qian Qichen visited Guyana. Guyanese President Cheddi Jagan held talks with him. Prime Minister Samuel Hinds, Speaker Derek Jagan of the National Assembly and Leader of the Opposition Party Desmond Hoyte met with Qian respectively. During the visit, the two sides signed an agreement on the mutual exemption of visas for official tour between the two countries.
On November 12-20, 1998, Director General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Guyana Marilyn Miles visited China. The visit formally launched the political consultation mechanism between foreign ministry officials of the two countries.
On March 15-17, 1999, Vice-Minister Liu Shanzai of the MOFTEC paid a visit to Guyana, and co-hosted with Guyanese Foreign Minister Clement Rohee the 7th session of the China-Guyana Joint Commission on Trade and Economic Cooperation. The two sides signed a summary of talks and exchanged notes on the personnel training of the TCDC technique and on the moratorium on three loans namely of 1972, 1975 and 1979. Liu also called on Guyanese President Janet Jagan, Prime Minister Hinds and held talks with Shree Chan, Minister of Trade, Industry and Tourism.
On September 6-15, 1999, Desmond Hoyte Leader of the Guyanese People's National Congress visited China at the invitation of the International Liaison Department of the CPC Central Committee. Li Ruihuan, Member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau and Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and Dai Bingguo, Head of the International Liaison Department of the CPC Central Committee met with him respectively. Besides Beijing, Hoyte and his entourage also visited Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Hefei.
On May 10-21, 2000, a government delegation of journalists headed by Guyanese Information Minister Nagamootoo visited China at the invitation of Department of Information of Foreign Ministry of China. Vice-Premier Qian Qichen of the State Council, Deputy Head Liu Jingqin of the International Liaison Department of the CPC Central Committee, Assistant Minister Ma Canrong of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs met respectively with the delegation.
On May 15, 2000, H.E. Wu Zhenglong, Chinese new ambassador to Guyana , presented his credentials to President Bharrat Jagdeo.
On November 12-15, 2000, Mr. Li Meng, member of NPC Standing Committee and Vice-Chairman of the Committee of the Environment and Resources Protection paid a goodwill visit to Guyana at the head of a NPC delegation. The delegation met with Acting President Hinds, Speaker Zephyr, Acting Foreign Minister Teixeira and Opposition leader Hoyte respectively.
On July 1-3, 2001, Assistant Foreign Minister Zhou Wenzhong visited Guyana. During his visit, Zhou called on Acting President of Guyana Hinds and Acting Foreign Minister Teixeira and held with Teixeira the 2nd round of consultations between the foreign ministries of the two countries. Zhou exchanged with Teixeira the notes on the Chinese government providing the Guyanan government with free aid.
From August 29 to September 8, 2001, at the invitation of the International Liaison Department of CPC Central Committee, General Secretary of the Guyanese People's Progress Party Ramotar visited China. Member of the Political Bureau of CPC Central Committee Li Tieying met with the 3-member delegation. Head of the International Liaison Department of CPC Central Committee Dai Bingguo met with the delegation and held a dinner in their honor. Deputy Head Cai Wu from the same department held talks with the delegation.
On June 27, 2002, President Jiang Zemin and President of Guyana Jagedio, Foreign Minister Tang Jiaxuan and Guyanan Foreign Minister Insanally exchanged messages respectively, congratulating on the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Guyana.
On October 17-21, 2002, at the invitation of the People's Progressive Party of Guyana, Deputy Head of the International Liaison Department of CPC Central Committee visited Guyana at the head of a CPC goodwill delegation. He held talks with General Secretary Ramotar of the People's Progressive Party and met with President Jagdeo.
On January 7-8, 2003, State Councilor Wu Yi headed a Chinese Government Delegation to visit Guyana. During the visit, She called on President Jagdeo and Prime Minister Hinds and held talks with President Jagdeo. The two sides signed an agreement on economic and technological cooperation concerning providing aid gratis to Guyana and a protocol on forgiving debts owed to the Chinese Government by the Guyanese Government. The two sides also exchanged notes concerning dispatching sports coaches to Guyana and notes concerning the Chinese side undertaking the international conference center project in Guyana.
From March 26 to April 2, 2003, at the invitation of President Hu Jintao, President Jagdeo of Guyana paid a state visit to China. The two presidents held talks. Chairman Wu Bangguo of NPC Standing Committee and Premier Wen Jiabao met with President Jagdeo and his entourage respectively. During the visit, the two sides signed an agreement on the protection of investment and an agreement on economic and technological cooperation. In addition to Beijing, the delegation also visited Guangdong, Fujian and Shanghai.
II. Bilateral Economic and Trade Relations, Economic and Technological Cooperation
Major projects in economic and technological cooperation between China and Guyana lare Bel-Lu Claybrick Factory, Sanata Textiles Limited, Model Duck-breeding Farm, Moco Moco Hydropower Station etc. Bag- braiding plant, grain-processing equipment, agricultural cultivation and processing, brick-making and bicycle-assembling plant are now under construction. The Guyana International Conference Center is waiting to be constructed. The China/Guyana Joint Commission on Economic and Trade Cooperation has held seven sessions.
Trade volume between the two countries is relatively small. In the 1970s, China mainly exported to Guyana in cash and provided goods under loans. The annual export was about $1,000,000. In the 1980s, due to the worsening economy of Guyana, the annual bilateral trade volume fluctuated between $100,000 and $200,000. In the 1990s thanks to opening policy by the Guyanese Government and the improvement of its economic situation, Chinese export to Guyana gradually increased. China mainly exports industrial and agricultural implements, textiles and light industrial products.
On April 16-18, 2000, a Jilin Provincial government delegation headed by Deputy Governor Wei Mingxue visited Guyana. Mr. Wei met respectively with Prime Minister Hinds, Foreign Minister Rohee and other government officials. He also held consultations with Guyana Forestry Committee on cooperation between Jilin Forestry Industry (Group) Co. and Guyana.
On April 14-19, 2001, Vice-President of China Import-Export Corporation of Aeronautical Technology Wang Dawei visited Guyana at the head of "Yun-12" plane sales promotion team. During the visit, Wang called on Guyanese Prime Minister Hinds and held a joint flying demonstration of "Yun-12" plane with the Guyanese national defense force. Wang and Chief of Staff of the Guyanese national defense force Arthley signed a memorandum of understanding on the sale and purchase of the plane.
On May 4, 2001, Chinese Charge affairs ad interim Wang Xinping and Director-General of the Guyanan Foreign Ministry Mme Ramlall on behalf of their respective governments signed the exchange notes on extending the technological cooperation in Moco Moco hydro-power station for one year and providing the station with a small number of necessary spare-parts for wear and tear approved by the Chinese government.
On April 15 and 24, 2002 respectively, Ambassador Song Tao and Guyanese Minister of Foreign Trade and International Cooperation Rohee signed the exchange of notes concerning China dispatching four experts to Guyana to repair the Moco hydro-power station and the exchange of notes concerning Guyana dispatching six students to China for TCDC training.
On September 19, 2002, Ambassador Song Tao and Guyanese Minister of Foreign Trade and International Cooperation Rohee signed the exchange of notes concerning the Chinese Government dispatching a group of experts to Guyana for an inspection tour of the Guyana International Conference Center. President Hinds attended the signing ceremony.
On October 27-31, 2002, at the invitation of Minister of Fishery, Forestry and Cultivation Sawh, Vice-Chairman of Fujian Provincial Political Consultative Conference He Shaochuan visited Guyana at the head of a Fujian provincial economic and trade delegation and reached understanding on the intent to import large yellow croakers and green-heart wood from Guyana and to process clothing in Guyana.
III. Exchanges and Cooperation in Cultural, Educational and Other Fields
(1) Cultural and Educational Cooperation
Since the establishment of diplomatic relations, bilateral cooperation has developed very quickly in the fields of culture and education. The two countries signed a cultural agreement in 1984. On July 24-27, 1997, Vice- Culture Minister Ai Qingchun headed a governmental cultural delegation to Guyana for a visit. Guyanese President Samuel Hinds met with Ai,while Minister of Educational and Cultural Development Bisnauth held working talks with the visiting Chinese Vice-Minister. That was the first visit ever made by a Chinese governmental cultural delegation in 25 years since the establishment of diplomatic ties. Cultural exchanges also include visits made by Chinese journalists group, acrobatic troupes, art troupes and song and dance ensembles. In 1973, Guyanese ping-pong team came to China and competed in the Asia/Africa/Latin America ping-pong Invitational Tournament. Later on, China for several times sent to Guyana its sports teams and coaches. In the field of education, cooperation mainly centers on the exchange of students. Since 1973, China has accepted 24 Guyanese students to study in China. In 2002, there were 5 Guyanese students in China. China has so far no students in Guyana.
(2) Cooperation in Health
China sent its medical inspection team to Guyana in May 1977. In the early 1990s, the two governments made efforts in probing for new areas in health cooperation, with a view to promoting bilateral relations and providing feasible and concrete assistance to the Guyanese people. In March 1993, the two sides signed a Protocol on Sending Chinese Medical Team to Guyana. In July the same year, the first Chinese medical team went to Guyana. In June 2002 the fifth Chinese medical team arrived in Guyana.
On August 12-22, 1999, at the invitation of the Ministry of Health, Guyanese Minister of Health and Women Affairs Henry Jeffery visited China at the head of a Guyanese governmental health delegation. Health Minister Zhang Wenkang held working talks with his counterpart. This was the first visit ever made by a Guyanese health delegation. The two sides explored how to further expand the cooperation in the fields of medicine and public health.
(3) Military Cooperation
On October 9-15, 2001, at the invitation of General Fu Quanyou, Member of the Central Military Commission and Chief of General Staff, Brigadier Arthley, Chief of General Staff of the Guyanese national defense force paid an official friendly visit to China at the head of a 5-member delegation. General Chi Haotian, Vice-Chairman of the Central Military Commission and Minister of Defense, met with the delegation. General Fu met with and held a dinner in honor of the delegation.
On December 10-12, 2002, Deputy Director of the Foreign Affairs Office of the Ministry of Defense Qian Lihua visited Guyana. He met with Acting Chief of Staff Col. Collins of the Guyanese national defense force. He also called on Acting President and Prime Minister Hinds and Mayor of Georgetown Green.
IV. Important Bilateral Agreements and Documents
(1) Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relation between the People's Republic of China and the Cooperative Republic of Guyana, signed in London on June 27, 1972, by Pei Jianzhang, Charge de affair of the Chinese Embassy to Britain, and Guyanese Senior Commissioner to Britain John Carter.
(2) Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on the Development of Bilateral Trade and the Mutual Establishment of Commercial Offices, signed in Beijing on November 24, 1971, by Chinese Foreign Trade Minister Bai Xiangguo and Guyanese Trade Minister Singh.
(3) Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on Economic and Technical Cooperation, signed in Georgetown on April 9, 1972, by Director of the Chinese Commercial Office to Guyana Nie Gongcheng and Guyanese Prime Minister Burnham.
(4) Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on Economic and Technical Cooperation, signed in Beijing on March 14, 1975, by Li Ke, Chinese Vice-Minister of the MOFTEC and Jack, Minister of Energy & Natural Resources of Guyana.
(5) Exchange of Notes on the Establishment of Joint Commission on Economic and Technical Cooperation between China and Guyana, signed in Beijing on June 15, 1984, by Chinese State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wu Xueqian and Guyanese Vice-President Mohammed Shahabuddeen.
(6) Cultural Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana, signed in Beijing on June 15, 1984, by Chinese State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wu Xueqian and Guyanese Vice-President Shahabuddeen. The two Contracting Parties agreed to, on the basis of equality and reciprocity, encourage and support the exchange and cooperation between relevant institutions of both countries in the fields of culture, education, sports, publication, press, radio, film and television.
(7) Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on Economic and Technical Cooperation, signed in Beijing on April 27, 1987, by Chinese Minister of MOFTEC Zheng Tuobin and Guyanese Senior Minister in Ministry of Agriculture Mckenzie.
(8) Agreement on Scientific and Technological Cooperation between the Government of China and the Government of Guyana, signed in Georgetown on December 2, 1988, by Chinese Ambassador to Guyana Yang Zengye and Guyanese Director of the Bureau of International Economic Co-operation. The two sides agreed to mutual dispatch of specialists to study scientific and technological achievements and experience in each other's countries and for specialized training, mutual invitation to specialists for teaching scientific and technological knowledge and experience and mutual provision of scientific and technological materials as well as small amount of seeds and samples for scientific experiment, so as to promote scientific and technological cooperation between the two countries.
(9) Agreement on Economic and Technical Cooperation between the Government of China and the Government of Guyana, signed in Beijing on April 15, 1990, by Chinese Minister of MOFTEC Zheng Tuobin and Guyanese Foreign Minister Esmond Rashleigh Jackson.
(10) Protocol on Consultation Mechanism between officials of the Foreign Ministries of China and Guyana, signed in Beijing on April 15, 1990, by Chinese Foreign Minister Qian Qichen and Guyanese Foreign Minister Esmond Rashleigh Jackson.
(11) Protocol between the Government of China and the Government of Guyana on Medical Cooperation concerning dispatching a Chinese medical team to work in Guyana, signed in Georgetown on March 26, 1993 by Chinese Ambassador to Guyana Wang Baomin and Guyanese Minister of Health.
(12) Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on Economic and Technical Cooperation, signed in Beijing on December 13, 1993, by Chinese Vice-Minister of MOFTEC Shi Guangsheng and Bharrat Jagdeo, Guyanese Minister of Finance.
(13) Framework Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on the Provision of Preferential Discount Interest Loan by China to Guyana, signed in Georgetown on February 28, 1997, by Chinese Ambassador to Guyana Wang Fuyuan and Guyanese Foreign Minister Clement Rohee.
(14) Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on the Mutual Exemption of Visas for Official Tour, signed in Georgetown on July 20, 1998, by Chinese Vice-Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi and Guyanese Foreign Minister Clement Rohee.
(15) Trade Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana, signed in Georgetown On Sept. 17, 2001, by Chinese Ambassador Wu Zhenglong and Guyanan Minister of Foreign Trade and International Cooperation Rohee on behalf of their respective governments.
(16) Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on Economic and Technical Cooperation, signed in Georgetown on January 7, 2003, by Chinese Vice-Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Ma Xiuhong and Guyanese Minister of Foreign Trade and International Cooperation Rohee on behalf of their respective governments.
(17) Protocol between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on Forgiving Debts owed by the Guyanese Government to the Chinese Government (ditto).
(18) Exchange of Notes on assistance to the project of Guyana International Conference Center (ditto).
(19) Exchange of Notes on providing sports coaches to Guyana, signed in Georgetown on January 7, 2003, by Chinese Vice-Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Ma Xiuhong and Guyanese Minister of Labor, Human Resources and Social Security Dale Bisnauth on behalf of their respective government.
(20) Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on the Promotion and Protection of Investment, signed in Beijing on March 27, 2003, by Chinese Minister of Commerce Lu Fuyuan and Guyanese Minister of Foreign Trade and International Cooperation Rohee on behalf of their respective government.
(21) Agreement between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana on Economic and Technical Cooperation (ditto).
(Information from Ministry of Foreign Affairs, PRC )
